Perioperative Fluid Management:

The 4 – 2 – 1 rule for maintenance IV fluid therapy (Normal Saline or Ringer’s Lactate):

  • 4 ml/kg/hr for the first 10kg of body mass
  • 2 mg/kg/hr for the next 10 kg of body mass
  • 1 mg/kg/hr for body mass beyond 20kg
  • Reduce the rate by 40% in normovolemic children to prevent fluid overload.
Dehydration

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